海洋经济耦合数字经济对外贸均衡发展的影响机制及区域比较The Impact Mechanism and Regional Comparison of the Coupling between China's Maritime Economy and Digital Economy on Balanced Development of Foreign Trade
宋树理,张艺,陈珧
摘要(Abstract)：
海洋经济耦合数字经济对外贸均衡发展有着重要影响，也是中国式现代化发展的应有之义。本文基于2011—2020年中国沿海11个省(区、市)的面板数据，运用耦合模型测算海洋经济耦合数字经济的协调度，在此基础上用双重固定效应模型实证研究该协调度对中国外贸均衡发展的影响。结果显示，海洋经济和数字经济的协同增长在沿海区域存在差异性和不平衡性，按照发展绩效从高到低依次是东部海洋经济圈、南部海洋经济圈和北部海洋经济圈。进一步看，海洋经济耦合数字经济对外贸均衡发展有着显著的促进作用，通过海洋研发支出和交通便捷度的调节作用可以更高质量地促进中国外贸的均衡发展。
关键词(KeyWords)： 海洋经济;数字经济;外贸均衡发展;耦合协调度;区域不平衡性
基金项目(Foundation): 浙江省哲学社会科学规划青年课题“数字型跨国并购:影响因素、整合实施与价值效应研究”(24NDQN193YBM)的资助
作者(Author): 宋树理,张艺,陈珧
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- (1)该论述是习近平总书记在2018年3月8日参加十三届全国人大一次会议山东代表团审议时的讲话中首次明确提出的。 (1)新华网.(2013-07-31).习近平:《进一步关心海洋认识海洋经略海洋推动海洋强国建设不断取得新成就》.http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2013-07/31/c_116762285.htm。 (2)中华人民共和国自然资源部.(2023-04-13).2022年中国海洋经济统计公报.https://gi.mnr.gov.cn/202304/t20230413_2781419.html。 (3)对外贸易均衡发展是外贸高质量发展的必要非充分条件,从这个维度能反映外贸高质量发展的状态,但是,外贸高质量发展应包括更多的维度,所以本文对于外贸高质量发展有一定的借鉴价值。 (4)值得注意的是,海洋经济结构和开放水平两个指标也是海洋经济高质量发展的重要标志,能测量海洋经济高质量发展的水平。 (5)需要强调,本文主要采集和整理2011—2020年数据,主要原因是,一方面由于相关数据的专属性质,这些数据更新速度较为缓慢,获取难度也较大,比如《中国海洋经济年鉴》;另一方面,受2019年底新冠疫情的严重冲击,部分国家临时关闭外贸通道,导致2020—2022年外贸的非正常发展,这部分数据缺少可靠性、连续性和稳定性,若使用可能会影响回归结果的准确性。 (6)与传统围绕渤海、长江和珠江划分都市圈的方法不同,本文不是关注沿海城市和内陆城市之间的空间资源优化配置对于扩大外部效应的影响,而是聚焦于一定空间范围内海洋城市之间的发展溢出效应比较。