第二次布伦纳论争The Second Brenner Debate
鲁保林,陈鸿池
摘要(Abstract)：
布伦纳认为，始于20世纪60年代中期的盈利能力下降，根源在于制造业部门国际竞争加剧所引发的产能过剩和生产过剩。过度竞争导致的利润率下降之所以迟迟无法改善，主要是因为供给过剩的领域退出迟缓，且新的厂商进入过多。布伦纳指责供给侧解释片面强调资本与劳动的“纵向”关系，低估了资本之间的“横向”关系及其引起的经济矛盾。批评者则认为，将利润率下降归咎于国际竞争的线性解释存在严重的问题，并且不能先验地把劳资关系置于资本主义历史叙事的中心。本文系统地梳理了围绕布伦纳“国际竞争过度论”展开的这场论争，并将其概括为“第二次布伦纳论争”。
关键词(KeyWords)： 利润挤压;过度竞争;制造业产能过剩;竞争关系;劳资关系
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 鲁保林,陈鸿池
参考文献(References)：
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- (1)1976年,罗伯特·布伦纳在《过去与现在》杂志发表长文《前工业化时期欧洲农业阶级结构和经济发展》,提出阶级斗争及其形塑的社会财产关系才是影响长期性经济增长、社会发展的决定性因素,由此开启了近20年的“布伦纳辩论”(关锋,2022)。 (2)这一因素导致了生产率增长的下降。 (3)“资产阶级在它的不到一百年的阶级统治中所创造的生产力,比过去一切世代创造的全部生产力还要多,还要大。”(马克思和恩格斯,2009a,p.36) (4)马克思说,“在资本主义生产(这种生产在它的整个范围内都是商品生产)基础上”,“在商品生产及其绝对形态即资本主义生产的基础。”(马克思,2004c,p.717,718) (5)命题a之前隐含着一个前提:由于相对剩余价值生产,资本技术构成提高的趋势是用机器取代活劳动(王生升,2023)。 (6)参见马克思(2004c,p.294),鲁保林和陈鸿池(2022)。 (7)参见马克思(2004c,p.251)。