SONG Xianwei;CUI Baomin;GONG Tongyao;

• 1:School of Economics
• 2: Shandong University of Finance and Economics

Abstract：

The transformation from value to production price in Capital is, in a methodological sense, a shift from the abstract to the concrete and from the general to the specific. In this sense, the price distortion in neoclassical economics, that is, the deviation from the optimal price to the sub-optimal price, is also a kind of value transformation. In terms of economic implications, both value transformation and price distortion are caused by the inconsistency between the private costs of economic actors and the real social costs, and both will produce resource allocation effects and income distribution effects. From a methodological perspective, neoclassical economists do not deny the neoclassical price theory due to price distortion, nor do they have any reason to deny the labor theory of value simply because of the transformation of value. Furthermore, after taking into account the transformation of constant capital, the reason why the equations of total value equal to total production price and total surplus value equal to total profit cannot hold simultaneously under general conditions is that the “total surplus value” in the existing literature is actually only a part of all the surplus values involved in redistribution. If the calculation scope of total surplus value is expanded from the last production stage to all production stages, that is, the surplus value contained in the constant capital is also included, and it is assumed that the total exploitation rate remains unchanged before and after the transformation, then both total equations can and must hold simultaneously.

Key Words： production price;value transformation;price distortion;scope of competition;redistribution of surplus value

Abstract:

Keywords:

Foundation: 国家社会科学基金一般项目“高质量发展背景下我国人口职业结构演变与就业系统转型升级研究”(23BJL021)的资助

Authors: SONG Xianwei;CUI Baomin;GONG Tongyao;

References：

• 保罗·萨缪尔森，威廉·诺德豪斯.2013.经济学[M].19版.萧琛，译.北京：商务印书馆.(original language) Samuelson P A,Nordhaus W D.2010.Economics[M].New York:McGraw-Hill Education. 保罗·斯威齐.2016.资本主义发展论[M].陈观烈，秦亚男，译.北京：商务印书馆.(original language) Sweezy P M.1970.The theory of capitalist development[M].New York:Monthly Review Press. 陈旸，荣兆梓.2018.循着马克思的路径完成马克思的工作——价值转形理论再探[J].经济研究，53(4):183-198.Chen Y,Rong Z Z.2018.Completing Marx's work by following Marx's logic:revisiting transformation theory[J].Economic Research Journal,53(4):183-198.(in Chinese) 丁堡骏.1999.转形问题研究[J].中国社会科学，(5):21-34,204-205.Ding B J.1999.A study of the transformation of value[J].Social Sciences in China,(5):21-34,204-205.(in Chinese) 丁堡骏，黎贵才.2007.转形问题研究的马尔科夫过程解法之迷途——评森岛通夫转形问题的解法[J].中国社会科学，(6):66-80,205-206.Ding B J,Li G C.2007.The Markov process is misleading in solving the transformation problem:a review of Michio Morishima's solution[J].Social Sciences in China,(6):66-80,205-206.(in Chinese) 见田石介.2013.资本论的方法研究[M].张小金，郑桦，尹栾玉，等，译.北京：中国书籍出版社.Mita S.2013.A study on the method of capital[M].Zhang X J,Zheng H,Yin L Y,et al.,trans.Beijing:China Book Press.(in Chinese) 林金忠.2011.所谓“转形问题”的方法论症结[J].经济学家，(6):12-21.Lin J Z.2011.The crux of the methodology of the so-called “transformation problem”[J].Economist,(6):12-21.(in Chinese) 马克思，恩格斯.1972.马克思恩格斯全集(第31卷上)[M].中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局，译.北京：人民出版社. 马克思，恩格斯.1974.马克思恩格斯全集(第32卷)[M].中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局，译.北京：人民出版社. 马克思，恩格斯.1979.马克思恩格斯全集(第46卷上)[M].中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局，译.北京：人民出版社. 马克思，恩格斯.1980.马克思恩格斯全集(第46卷下)[M].中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局，译.北京：人民出版社. 马克思.2004a.资本论(第1卷)[M].2版.中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局，译.北京：人民出版社. 马克思.2004b.资本论(第2卷)[M].2版.中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局，译.北京：人民出版社. 马克思.2004c.资本论(第3卷)[M].2版.中共中央马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林著作编译局，译.北京：人民出版社. 琼·罗宾逊.2019.论马克思主义经济学[M].邬巧飞，译.北京：商务印书馆.(original language) Robinson J.1966.An essay on Marxian economics[M].Landon:Palgrave Macmillan. 荣兆梓，陈旸.2014.转形问题B体系：模型与计算[J].经济研究，49(9):149-161.Rong Z Z,CHEN Y.2014.The B system of transformation problem:models and calculations[J].Economic Research Journal,49(9):149-161.(in Chinese) 荣兆梓，李帮喜，陈旸.2016.马克思主义广义转形理论及模型新探[J].马克思主义研究，(2):66-78.Rong Z Z,Li B X,Chen Y.2016.A new exploration of the generalized transformation theory and model of Marxism[J].Studies on Marxism,(2):66-78.(in Chinese) 萨伊.2017.政治经济学概论——财富的生产、分配和消费[M].陈福生，陈振骅，译.北京：商务印书馆.(original language) Say J B.1827.A treatise on political economy:or the production,distribution and consumption of wealth[M].Philadelphia:J.Grigg. 森岛通夫.2017.马克思经济学：价值与增长的双重理论[M].张衔，译.北京：中国社会科学出版社.(original language) Morishima M.1973.Marx's economics:a dual theory of value and growth[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press. 亚当·斯密.2008.国民财富的性质和原因的研究(上卷)[M].郭大力，王亚楠，译.北京：商务印书馆.(original language) Smith A.1880.An inquiry into the nature and causes of the wealth of nations(Vol.Ⅰ)[M].Oxford:Clarendon Press. 朱绍文.1983.萨缪尔森对《资本论》第一卷与第三卷的所谓矛盾的“批判”的反批判[J].经济研究，(5):58-64.Zhu S W.1983.The counter-criticism of Samuelson's “criticism” of the so-called contradictory in the first and third volumes of Capital[J].Economic Research Journal,(5):58-64.(in Chinese) Baumol W J.1974.The transformation of values:what Marx “really” meant (an interpretation)[J].Journal of Economic Literature,12(1):51-62. Duménil G.1983.Beyond the transformation riddle:a labor theory of value[J].Science and Society,47(4):427-450. Duménil G.1984.The so-called “transformation problem” revisited:a brief comment[J].Journal of Economic Theory,33(2):340-348. Foley D K.1982.The value of money the value of labor power and the Marxian transformation problem[J].Review of Radical Political Economics,14(2):37-47. Huang K,Liang J S.2021.Chinese studies on the transformation problem:a selective review[J].Review of Radical Political Economics,53(4):725-734. Kliman A J,McGlone T.1999.A temporal single-system interpretation of Marx's value theory[J].Review of Political Economy,11(1):33-59. Laibman D.1973.Values and prices of production:the political economy of the transformation problem[J].Science and Society,37(4):404-436. Meek R L.1956.Some notes on the “transformation problem”[J].The Economic Journal,66(261):94-107. Mongiovi G.2002.Vulgar economy in Marxian garb:a critique of temporal single system Marxism[J].Review of Radical Political Economics,34(4):393-416. Moseley F.2000.The “New solution” to the transformation problem:a sympathetic critique[J].Review of Radical Political Economics,32(2):282-316. Moseley F.2017.Money and totality:a macro-monetary interpretation of Marx's logic in Capital and the end of the “transformation problem”[J].International Journal of Political Economy,46(1):2-21. Samuelson P A.1957.Wages and interest:a modern dissection of Marxian economic models[J].The American Economic Review,47(6):884-912. Samuelson P A.1971.Understanding the Marxian notion of exploitation:a summary of the so-called transformation problem between Marxian values and competitive prices[J].Journal of Economic Literature,9(2):399-431. Seton F.1957.The “transformation problem”[J].The Review of Economic Studies,24(3):149-160. Von B??hm-Bawerk E.1949.Karl Marx and the close of his system[M].New York:Augustus M.Kelley. Winternitz J.1948.Values and prices:a solution of the so-called transformation problem[J].The Economic Journal,58(230):276-280.
• (1)黑体系原文所有,后同。 (2)用p1代表利润是马克思在原文中的用法,此处引用没有改变,但在本文的其他地方p都表示价格。